[00:00.00]Chapter 1 Banks in Modern Society
[00:01.82]第一章现代社会中的银行
[00:03.63]Unit 1 Basic Roles and Services of a Bank
[00:05.79]第一单元银行的基本职能和服务
[00:07.94]What is a bank?
[00:09.44]如何定义银行?
[00:10.95]It may be advisable to define a bank as an institution for doing financial work.
[00:14.59]可以将银行定义为从事金融工作的机构.
[00:18.23]Notes:What is a bank?
[00:20.58]如何定义银行?
[00:22.94]It may be advisable to define a bank as an institution for doing financial work.
[00:36.48]可以将银行定义为从事金融工作的机构.
[00:50.02]A modern bank provides many services.
[00:51.87]现代银行提供多种服务.
[00:53.71]One of the most important of these is regular pass book savings.
[00:56.41]其中最重要的一项就是存款储蓄.
[00:59.12]If you go to a bank to open a savings account,
[01:00.87]如何你去银行开立储蓄户头,
[01:02.62]first of all you'll be asked to fill out a signature card.
[01:04.91]首先你得填写签名卡.
[01:07.21]Notes:If you go to a bank to open a savings account,
[01:09.71]如何你去银行开立储蓄户头,
[01:12.20]first of all you'll be asked to fill out a signature card.
[01:13.95]首先你得填写签名卡.
[01:15.70]saving account,
[01:24.82]demand-deposit or checking-accounts,
[01:29.52]time-deposit
[01:31.51]Then you'll be given a passbook in which your initial deposit would be recorded.
[01:34.60]然后你会得到一张存折,上面记载了你的初次存款.
[01:37.70]All deposits and with-drawals from your account are entered into your passbook.
[01:40.30]你帐上所有存、取款都将记入你的存折.
[01:42.90]This means that the passbook
[01:44.24]这就是说存折
[01:45.59]contains an actual record of saving you have at any one time.
[01:48.08]实实在在记录着你每一次的储蓄情况.
[01:50.58]With a regular passbook savings account,
[01:52.38]如果是活期存折储蓄帐户,
[01:54.18]you would be able to withdraw money whenever you needed it.
[01:56.88]一旦需要,你随时可以取款.
[01:59.59]All you would have to do is to fill out a withdrawal order and present it,
[02:02.24]需要做的只是填写取款单,
[02:04.89]along with your passbook,to the teller.
[02:06.59]然后与存折一并交给出纳
[02:08.29]Another important service that banks provide is traveler's checks.
[02:10.59]银行的另一项服务就是旅行支票.
[02:12.88]If you went on a vacation or traveled on business to another city or state,
[02:15.59]如果你去另外一个城市或其它州出差或度假,
[02:18.29]you would probably want to bring some traveler's checks with you.
[02:20.29]你很可能想携带旅行支票.
[02:22.29]They have two important advantages over cash.
[02:24.13]比起现金,旅行支票有两个重要的优势.
[02:25.97]One is that your money is always safe.
[02:27.71]一是你的钱一直会很安全,
[02:29.45]If the checks are lost or stolen,you can receive a refund for the total amount.
[02:32.24]如果支票遗失和被盗,你会得到如数的退赔.
[02:35.04]Another is that they are more convenient.
[02:36.49]另外一个优势就是旅行支票颇为方便.
[02:37.94]For this service the bank charges 1 percent of the amount of the check.
[02:40.08]银行的这项服务要占支票面额百分之一的费用.
[02:42.22]Still another service that banks provide is safe-deposit boxes,
[02:44.77]银行还提供了一项服务,就是贵重物品保管箱.
[02:47.31]where you can keep important documents and valuable jewelry.
[02:49.51]你可以在保管箱里存上重要文件和贵重珠宝.
[02:51.70]If kept in you own home,your valuables might be lost or stolen.
[02:54.35]如果将贵重物品放在家里,或许会失丢或被窃.
[02:57.01]They might also be destroyed by fire or flood.
[02:58.81]或许还会毁于水灾或火灾.
[03:00.61]Safe-deposit boxes are kept in vaults that are usually burglar-proof and fireproof.
[03:03.95]贵重物品保管箱通常存放在防盗、防火的保险库中.
[03:07.30]Notes:
[03:09.49]Safe-deposit boxes are kept in vaults that are usually burglar-proof and fireproof.
[03:15.29]burglar-proof,
[03:27.39]a waterproof coat,
[03:30.18]a bulletproof car,
[03:32.98]a soundproof room
[03:35.98]To get a safe-deposit box,
[03:37.38]你要想使用贵重物品保管箱,
[03:38.78]you would have to fill out a signature card and pay a yearly rental fee.
[03:41.18]就得填写签名卡并且付上一年的租金.
[03:43.58]You would be given a key to your box,and the bank would keep another key.
[03:45.78]你会拿到一把开箱的钥匙,而银行会留存另一把.
[03:47.97]It is impossible to open your box without both keys.
[03:50.31]没有两把钥匙就不能打开你的箱子.
[03:52.65]The banks takes another precaution as well.
[03:54.89]银行还采取了另一预防措施.
[03:57.14]Before you can open the box,you must sign a slip of paper.
[03:59.23]你在开箱之前,必须在纸上签名.
[04:01.32]Your signature is compared with the one on your signature card.
[04:03.36]这一签名将与你在签名卡上的签名相对比.
[04:05.39]You'll not be allowed to open your box unless the employee
[04:07.34]你不允许打开箱子,
[04:09.29]at the bank is satisfied that the signature is genuine.
[04:11.28]直到银行雇员确信签名是真迹后.
[04:13.28]One another important service,
[04:14.58]还有一项重要服务
[04:15.87]one which many businessmen who travel a great deal take advantage of,
[04:18.31]就是许多经常旅行的商人所利用的服务,
[04:20.75]is the credit card.
[04:22.05]即信用卡.
[04:23.34]Credit cards are the convenient way of paying hotel bills and other expenses.
[04:25.93]信用卡是支付酒店帐单和其他费用的便利手段.
[04:28.51]They can also be used for cash advances.
[04:30.41]信用卡还可以用来预支现金.
[04:32.30]All charges made on your card are sent to the bank,
[04:34.46]你卡的一切款项会送到银行,
[04:36.61]and you are billed once a month for the total amount.
[04:38.31]要求你每月付一次总帐.
[04:40.01]There is no charge(except for cash advances) if the payment is received promptly.
[04:43.26]除非预支现金,如能及时付款,无需任何费用.
[04:46.51]To get a credit card,you must fill out an application
[04:48.46]你如果想拥有一张信用卡,就必须填写申请表,
[04:50.40]that requires you to supply such personal information as your monthly salary and other income.
[04:53.45]提供诸如你每月工资和其他收入之类的个人资料.
[04:56.49]If your credit is not good,the bank will not issue such a credit card.
[04:58.74]如果你的信誉不好,银行就不会给你发卡.
[05:00.98]Of course,this information is kept confidential.
[05:02.93]当然这一情况是保密的.
[05:04.88]Most of the services described above do not provide a major source of income for the bank.
[05:08.13]上述大多数业务并不能为银行提供主要的收入来源.
[05:11.38]How,then,does the bank itself make its money?
[05:13.27]那么银行是如何赚钱的呢?
[05:15.17]Its largest source of income is through loans.
[05:17.22]最大的收入来源还是贷款.
[05:19.27]The majority of loans made are known as commercial loans
[05:21.48]大多数贷款以商业贷款
[05:23.68]---loans made to businesses and not to individuals.
[05:26.78]贷给企业而不是个人的款项,最为人所熟知.
[05:29.87]In addition,banks make real estate loans to individuals for the purchase of houses or land,
[05:33.27]此外银行也向想购买住房或土地的个人提供房地产贷款,
[05:36.67]and they also give personal loans to people
[05:38.65]还向想购买新车
[05:40.64]who want to buy a new car or a new appliance
[05:42.48]或新设备的人提供个人贷款.
[05:44.32]It is hard to imagine
[05:45.52]很难想象,
[05:46.72]how the complex business affairs of our modern world could be carried out
[05:49.22]人们将如何处理现代社会复杂的商业事务,
[05:51.71]without the many services that a bank provides.
[05:53.66]假如说没有银行提供的许许多多的服务.
[05:55.60]Unit 2 Commercial Banks
[05:57.15]第二单元商业银行
[05:58.69]Section One Advances
[06:00.18]第一部分放款
[06:01.67]When a trading banker refers to his bank's business,
[06:03.72]当商业银行提及其银行业务时,
[06:05.77]it means primarily its advance business.
[06:07.97]主要是指放款业务.
[06:10.18]The provision of credit by way of advances to customers
[06:12.68]以放款方式向客户提供贷款
[06:15.17]is central to the business of trading banks
[06:17.27]是商业银行的中心任务,
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